The EU places Yandex co-founder Arkady Volozh on its sanctions list. Nasdaq suspends trading in Yandex shares. Yandex N.V. — the Dutch parent — faces an existential problem: how to keep its international businesses operating while its Russian parentage has become a liability.
Two years of negotiations follow, involving the Kremlin, the EU, Nasdaq, and investors on multiple continents. The goal: separate the "Western" businesses (AI, cloud, autonomous vehicles) from the "Russian" businesses (search, advertising, ride-hailing inside Russia) — so the Western entity can keep operating without the sanctions tail.
Yandex N.V. agrees to sell its Russian operations to a Russian consortium for approximately $5.4 billion — one of the largest corporate exits from Russia since the invasion. The deal requires personal approval from Vladimir Putin. EU sanctions on Volozh are lifted in March.
The deal closes. The "Yandex" brand is discontinued by the Dutch parent entirely. The international residual becomes Nebius Group, Amsterdam-based, focused on AI. Yango — the ride-hailing operation in Africa, the Middle East, South Asia and Latin America — is separated out and re-headquartered in Dubai, operating independently.
Drivers invest time, vehicles, and livelihoods in the platform. Switching costs climb. The platform knows this.
When ZRA, ZICTA, or Parliament raises concerns, the platform mobilises its driver base: "regulation will kill your jobs."
Not through confrontation — through reluctance. Institutions hesitate. The platform keeps growing. The question becomes academic.